emergency food and water, Przetrwanie
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DisasterRelief
Emergency Food and Water
Afteradisaster,somepeoplemaynothave
foodandwaterfordaysandperhapseven
weeks.Preparingandkeepingafoodand
wateremergencykitcanpreventadifficultsit-
uationfrombecomingalife-threateningone.
•
Instant meals
.Instantmealssuchas
cupsofnoodles,soups,oroatmealare
alsoagoodadditiontokits,although
theyalsoneedwater.
•
Snack-sized ready-to-eat canned
meats, fruits, and vegetable
s.Snack-
sizedcannedgoodsaregoodbecause
theyusuallyhavepull-toplidsor
twist-openkeysandleaveonlyalittle
waste.
•
Prepackaged beverages
.Beverages
packagedinfoilpacketsandfoil-lined
boxesaresuitablefordisastersupplies
kitsbecausetheyaretightlysealedand
canbestoredforalongtime.
Emergency Foods
ThingsToThinkAbout
•Whatfoodsarenonperishableand
donotneedcookingandrefrigeration?
•Whatfoodsaresimpleandeasyto
prepare?
•Whatfoodsarerichinbothcalories
andproteintohelpbuildandmaintain
energy?
•Whatfoodsappealtofamilymembers?
•Whatfoodsmeetanyspecialdietary
needmyfamilymayhave,including
infants,toddlers,diabetics,andelderly
familymembers?
Food Options To Avoid
•Commerciallydehydratedfoods.
Commerciallydehydratedfoods
requireagreatdealofwaterand
requireextraeffortinpreparation.You
can'teatthemunlessyouaddwater.
•Bottledfoods.Bottledfoodsaretoo
heavyandbulkyandbreakeasily.
•Meal-sizedcannedfoods.Meal-sized
commerciallycannedfoodsarealso
bulkyandheavy.
•Wholegrains,beans,andpasta.
Preparingthesefoodscouldbecompli-
catedinadisaster.
Food Options To Consider
•
Compressed food bars
.Theystore
well,arelightweight,tastegood,are
nutritious,andarehighincalories.
•
Trail mix
.Blendsofgranola,nuts,
seeds,anddriedfruitsareavailable
prepackaged,orYoucanalsochooseto
assembleyourown.
•
Dried foods
.Driedfoodsarenutri-
tiousandsatisfying,buttheymayalso
havealotofsalt,whichmaymakeyou
thirstyandsomethingtoavoidiffresh
waterisscarce.
•
Freeze-dried foods
.Freeze-dried
foodsaretastyandlightweightbut
needwaterforreconstitution. Ifwater
isscare,thesefoodsmaynotbethe
bestoption.
Buying Foods
Mostofthefoodsappropriateforadisas-
tersupplykitareavailableatlocalsuper-
markets.Specialtyfoodstoressuchas
healthfoodstoresorfoodstoragesupply
housesaswellassportinggoodsstores
mayhavefoodspreparedespeciallyfor
disasterreliefkits.
Food Storage Tips
•Keepfoodinthedriestandcoolestspotinthehouse
–adarkareaifpossible.
•Keepfoodcoveredatalltimes.
•Sealcookiesandcrackersinplasticbags,and
keepintightcontainers.
•Openfoodboxesandcanscarefullysoyoucan
closethemtightlyaftereachuse.
•Storepackagessusceptibletopests,suchas
openedpackagesofsugar,driedfruits,andnuts,in
screw-topjarsorairtightcans.
•Storewheat,corn,andbeansinsealedcansor
sealedplasticbuckets.
•Buypowderedmilkinnitrogen-packedcansfor
long-termstorage.
•Keepsaltandvitaminsintheiroriginalpackages.
•Inspectallitemsperiodicallytomakesure there
arenobrokenseals,dentedcontainers,orinsect
infestations.
ersasalastresortbecausetheymaycorrodeandtendto
givewaterabadtaste.
Purifying Contaminated Water
Besideshavingabadsmellandtaste,contaminated
watercancausediseasessuchasdysentery,cholera,
typhoid,andhepatitis,whichcanmakeyouverysick.
Itisimportanttopurifyallwateryou'reuncertain
abouthowsafeitisbeforeusingit. Thebestwayto
purifywateristoboilitfor10minutesandthenletthe
watercoolbeforedrinking. Boilingisthesafestand
surestwaytopurifywater.
Purifying Agents
Youcanalsousehouseholdbleachtokillmicroorgan-
isms.Youremergencyfoodandwatersupplyshould
includeliquidchlorinebleachthatcontains5.25per-
centsodiumhypochloriteandnosoaporfragrances.
Donotusescentdbleaches,color-safebleaches,or
bleacheswithaddedcleaners. Add16dropsofbleach
pergallonwater,stir,andletstandfor30minutes. If
thewaterdoesnothaveaslighodor,repeatthedosage
andletstandforanother15minutes.(Purification
tabletsandiodinearenoteffectivepurifyingagents
andarenolongerrecommendedbytheU.S.
DepartmentofAgricultureortheCentersforDisease
ControlandPrevention.)
Emergency Cooking
Inanemergency,youcancookfoodusingafireplace.
Ifyouareusingacharcoalgrillorcampstove,you
shouldcookoutsideforsafetyreasons.Youcanalso
heatfoodwithcandlewarmers,chafingdishes,and
fonduepots.
Youcanpreparecannedfoodsandeatthemdirect-
lyoutofthecan.Completelyremovethelidandlabel
beforeheatingthecantopreventinternalcombustion
orthelabel'scatchingfire.
General Tips
•Putthekittogetherwiththeideaofproviding
eachfamilymemberatleastonewell-balanced
mealperday.
•Changethefoodsuppliesevery6monthstohelp
keeptheitemsfresh.
•Anonelectriccanopenerandutensilsyoucan
throwawayareessentialadditionstothekit.
•Includeonlydryfoodforpets.
•Storefoodwithenoughcaloriestoprovide
enoughenergytokeepthestrengthtowork.
•Includeavitaminandmineralsupplementor
multi-vitamininyourstockpiletoensureadequate
nutrition.
•Byreducingactivityandstayingcool,youcan
lessentheamountofwaterabodyrequires.
•Prepareforyourfamilypets,too. Prepareakit
ofsealeddryfood,water,fecesbag,andanytoys.
Emergency Water
Plantostorea3-daysupplyofwaterforeachfamily
member.Theneedsofeachpersondiffer,depending
uponage,physicalcondition,activity,diet,andcli-
mate.Anactivepersonneedstodrinkatleast2quarts
ofwaterdaily.Children,nursingmothers,andillpeo-
pleoftenneedmorewater.
Morewaterisnecessaryforfoodpreparationand
hygiene,soconsidertheseneedsaswell.Plantostore
atleast2gallonsperpersonperday.
Storewaterinclean,sanitarycontainers.Plasticcon-
tainersaregoodbecausetheyarelightweightand
unbreakable.Glasscontainersarenon-permeable,but
theyarebreakableandheavy.Thinkofmetalcontain-
Revised by
Dr. Brent Fountain
, PhD, RD, LD, Assistant Extension Professor, Department of Food Science, Nutrition, and
HealthPromotion;andJuliacallahan,MSUDieteticInternfromTheDisasterHandbook2003NationalEditdion,University
of Florida/Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences SP 2431. From The Disaster Handbook - 1998 National Edition,
UniversityofFlorida/InstituteofFoodandAgriculturalSciencesSP2431.
Discrimination based upon race, color, religion, sex, national origin, age, disability, or veteran’s status is a violation of federal and state
law and MSU policy and will not be tolerated. Discrimination based upon sexual orientation or group affiliation is a violation of MSU
policy and will not be tolerated.
Information Sheet 1691
Extension Service of Mississippi State University, cooperating with U.S. Department of Agriculture. Published in further-
anceofActsofCongress,May8andJune30,1914. VANCEH.WATSON,Director
(PODrev02-08)
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